1.01Introduction and Program Description
The Department of Health and Social Services (DHSS or Department), Division of Behavioral Health, is requesting proposals from eligible applicants to provide First Episode Psychosis services for the State of Alaska in FY2023 through FY2024. Program Services are authorized under 7 AAC 78 Grant Programs. Additional governing statutes are AS 47.30.520-.620, AS 47.30.655-.915 and AS 47.30.011-.061. State of Alaska statutes and regulations are accessible at Department of Law Document Library or through the contact person identified on the cover page of this Request for Proposals (RFP).
National research has demonstrated that approximately 100,000 adolescents and young adults experience First Episode Psychosis (FEP) each year. The FEP program is an evidence-based practice to identify and serve individuals in their teen years or during early adulthood who have recently developed a psychotic disorder, or who are at high risk for a psychotic disorder and are experiencing possible pre-psychosis symptoms. Research has demonstrated that early interventions, appropriate treatments and supports can help prevent the full onset of illness for persons in a high-risk state and improve long-term outcomes for those who have already had a first episode of psychosis. Services are a team based, multi-modality approach to treating FEP. Competent interventions will follow the Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) model. The CSC model includes community outreach, assertive case management, individual or group psychotherapy, supported employment and education services, family education and support, and low doses of select antipsychotic agents.
In the proposed State Fiscal Year 2023 budget the Department of Health and Social Services will be reorganized into two distinct executive branch Departments: the Department of Health and the Department of Family and Community Services. This re-organization will be effective July 1, 2022 which is the first day of State Fiscal Year 2023.
1.02Program Goals and Anticipated Outcomes
The proposed project must demonstrate a thorough understanding and support of the grant program goals and outcomes anticipated by the Department.
The intent of this grant is to establish one new FEP provider that follows the model of CSC. See Attachment: “FY23 FEP – Components of Coordinated Specialty Care" for a more comprehensive description of the model, and Attachment: “FY23 FEP- Steps and Decision Points in Starting an Early Psychosis Program” for guidance in developing a program.
Applicants must demonstrate need and include a plan of service areas they will target and how they will provide outreach and enrollment for their program to meet the target number of enrollees.
The Department recognizes Alaska is unique and many areas will not meet the minimum population size requirement of 100,000, so hybrid models will be considered if the agency can demonstrate combined staffing and coordination to community resources to meet the requirements of the CSC model, and a service area to meet the minimum of 15 applicants in year 2 of the program. The expectation of numbers served once a team is fully functional is 15-25 depending on the size of the community.
The proposed project must demonstrate a thorough understanding and support of goals and outcomes of the CSC Model, as well as grant program goals and outcomes. Primary goals for Year 1 of the project are:
- Training staff in the CSC model
- Establish an FEP Program
- Educating the local community and referral sources
- Identifying and providing outreach to individuals with FEP
- Reducing barriers to access treatment
- Providing recovery-oriented treatment services
- Providing family support and education
- Provide resources and linkage to Supported Employment and Supported Education
- Provide resources and linkage to housing to recipients who are homeless
Projects must meet or exceed anticipated minimum outcomes described in this RFP.
Team-Based Approach
In some regards, the CSC framework for FEP resembles the Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) model of community-based psychiatric care. Shared aspects include reliance on multi-disciplinary treatment teams, a small client-to-staff ratio, and a menu of services directed at supporting adaptive functioning in the community (e.g., case management, psychiatric treatment, housing and vocational assistance, substance abuse services, family education and support, and 24/7 accessibility). The CSC treatment goals are different in that it serves a younger population without established disability, has the capacity for out-of-office visits but does not require them as the modal practice, and sets expectations for a time-limited treatment experience of two to three years. If treatment is required beyond three years, most clients can step down to a lower level of specialized care, with eventual transition to regular services at the mental health center.
The CSC model requires a multidisciplinary team including allied health professionals—i.e., psychologists, social workers, mental health counselors, and rehabilitation counselors. Services generally include case management, individual and family therapy, and supportive employment and education services; psychiatrists and nurse practitioners are primarily responsible for pharmacotherapy and coordination with primary healthcare. Weekly team meetings and frequent communication among team members bolsters fidelity to the early intervention model, focuses treatment on each client’s recovery goals and needs, and builds interdisciplinary team morale that sustains high-quality service provision over time.
A developing program should consider including individuals with lived experience of psychosis as team members, particularly peers who can help ensure the “youth friendliness” of the CSC program (Stavely et al., 2013). Any of the key functions described below can be filled by persons with lived experience, provided that the individual meets credentialing requirements and has successfully completed training in all aspects of phase-specific care for FEP and Peer Support training requirements under State certification requirements. Although an individual with FEP may work with multiple members of the CSC team, one provider is always identified as the client’s principal care manager. The case manager is responsible for coordinating all aspects of the client’s care and serves as the client’s link to the rest of the treatment team as well as outside social service agencies and crisis service needs.
Key Roles
Successful implementation of CSC depends more on assuring adequate coverage of key roles rather than achieving 1:1 correspondence between the number of providers and CSC service components. Essential functions include (1) overall team leadership and management and (2) competent delivery of core clinical services, including case management, psychotherapy, supported employment and education, family education and support, and pharmacotherapy/primary care coordination. The number of providers necessary to fill key roles may vary from site to site depending on the size of the FEP cohort served, the number of providers available, and the level of effort each provider devotes to the CSC program. In programs with smaller caseloads, key roles may be combined so long as the provider has achieved competency in each assigned CSC function. For example, the Team Leader may deliver clinical interventions such as primary care management or family education and support while also providing overall administrative and supervisory oversight to the team. Alternately, the roles of individual psychotherapist and care manager might be combined.
Core Functions of Coordinated Specialty Care
In addition to the clinical services noted above, CSC provides six critical functions for young people experiencing a first episode of psychosis: (1) access to clinical providers with specialized training in FEP care; (2) easy access to the FEP specialty program through active outreach and engagement; (3) provision of services in home, community, and clinic settings, as needed; (4) acute care during or following a psychiatric crisis; (5) transition to step-down services with the CSC team or discharge to regular care after two to three years, depending on the client’s level of symptomatic and functional recovery; and (6) assurance of program quality through continuous monitoring of treatment fidelity.
Specialized Training in FEP Care
Training in evidence-based treatment for FEP occurs at two levels: (1) the overall philosophy of team-based care for FEP, and (2) specialized services that support the client’s recovery. Each team member must master the overall theoretical framework of CSC treatment, including the recovery potential for FEP persons, developmental issues specific to adolescents and young adults experiencing a first episode of psychosis, the concepts of shared decision making and person-centered care, and the importance of maintaining an optimistic therapeutic perspective at all times. In addition, CSC staff members must understand common problems that cut across all service categories, such as difficulties in engaging the client and their family members, clients’ vulnerabilities for developing substance use problems, and heightened risk of suicide during the early years of treatment.
Both the RAISE (Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenic Episode) Early Treatment Program and the RAISE Connection Program have developed training materials that (1) present the rationale for early intervention in first episode psychosis; (2) introduce the principles of team-based CSC; (3) orient providers to the key roles and clinical services provided in the CSC program; and (4) detail core competencies related to specific treatment modalities. These materials are available online. Training from a program such as EASA (Early Assessment and Support Alliance) at Portland State University is highly encouraged.
Agencies are required to ensure workforce development activities are provided such as supervision and access to continuing education for all staff involved in the treatment program. Supervision may occur at multiple levels, including in-person sessions with the CSC Team Leader for case managers and supported employment specialists, or consultation with FEP subject matter experts via conference calls, webinars, or distance learning programs for medical professionals, psychotherapists, and family therapists.
Community Outreach
Early intervention programs aim to reduce the Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) by improving early detection of FEP in the community and facilitating rapid access to CSC services. As was the case in the two RAISE studies, a single provider must be responsible for community outreach, with a charge to remove barriers to CSC access and to speed access to FEP services. The outreach specialist is given dedicated time to develop referral pathways with inpatient facilities, emergency departments, crisis intervention services, and the criminal justice system, cultivating relationships with admission and discharge personnel at these agencies through frequent visits, phone calls, email communication and timely evaluation of potential FEP cases. The outreach specialist also communicates regularly with administrators of child and youth mental health programs and schools to identify clients in those systems who might benefit from CSC treatment. Similarly, the outreach specialist monitors referrals and intakes to the parent agency, facilitating connection of likely candidates to the CSC program.
Client and Family Engagement
Persons experiencing FEP and their family members are often difficult to engage in treatment, requiring a thoughtful approach to presenting the CSC program from the moment of initial contact. Assertive outreach, efficient enrollment, and hopeful messages are critical at the time of intake. Descriptive materials should be free of stigmatizing and clinical language and emphasize the program’s focus on helping individuals address and accomplish their own goals.
1.03Program Services/Activities
Program services and activities required for this grant include implementation of the CSC model. This model includes the following components. Proposals must describe how each component will be provided:
- Team-Based Approach
- Key Roles
- Core Functions of CSC
- Specialized Training in FEP Care
- Community Outreach
- Client and Family Engagement
Applicants must agree to adhere to program requirements and service standards, including those specified in Attachment: DBH_Grant Manual FY23, section 2.2 Serious Emotional Disturbance (SED) Outpatient, and section 2.4 Serious Mental Illness (SMI) Outpatient. Applicants agree to comply with all of the following additional program requirements and service standards:
Program requirements for Year 1 of the project include training staff in the CSC model. Projects should describe a plan to obtain training from a national trainer in the CSC model such as the EASA program at Portland State University: Early Assessment and Support Alliance
1. Planning the program - identify short and long-term goals including:
i. Public education/community outreach
ii. Establishment of stakeholder/oversight group
iii. Establish eligibility criteria for participants
iv. Develop incidence projections
v. Outline program guidelines and structure (e.g. length of program, clinical strategies and standards)
vi. Outline projected staffing levels and positions including psychiatric staff and clinician support. Identify resource for supported employment and supported education;
2. Developing referral sources including mental health court, law enforcement, high school and college representatives; and
3. Engaging and treating clients.
Applicants must upload a year 1 timeline addressing the initiation of project activities, including hiring and training staff and detailed program planning, along with outreach for referrals within the first three quarters and enrolling 5 clients in the fourth quarter. The year 2 timeline must establish the enrollment of 15-25 participants in the program.
Grantees will be required to join and participate in their local area Community Action Plan (CAP) group to help coordinate with other community providers to identify potential referrals and awareness of the program. Applicants must identify in their proposal the CAP group they will be working with.
Applicant proposals must describe the ways in which the project aligns with program intent. The submitted project proposal will identify agency resources available to the project; describe project activities; and clearly state the project’s anticipated goals, outputs, and outcomes.
1.04Program Evaluation Requirements and Reporting
Results Based Budgeting Framework
Results based budgeting provides a framework in which allocated resources support, and are justified by, a set of outputs and expected results. Within this framework, actual performance and achieved outcomes are measured by objective performance measures.
Projects are required to align with program objectives expressing Department priorities and core services. Projects will use performance measures to evaluate progress toward meaningful outcomes, and to initiate data collection and reporting consistent with Department priorities.
The Department Priorities, Core Services, Objectives, and Performance Measures of Effectiveness and Efficiency for this program are:
Department Priorities
- 1 Health & Wellness Across the Life Span
Department Core Services
- 1.1 Protect and Promote the Health of Alaskans
A minimum of 5 individuals with a first episode psychosis will be admitted to the program in Year 1.
Projects will complete program and training planning, initiate outreach, and begin admitting clients by January 1, 2023.
- Efficiency Measure 1: Cost per client
Data Collection: Total grant expenditures divided by total number of participants served per fiscal year
Collection Method: Agency Client Count and Cumulative Fiscal Reports (CFR)
Target: Cost per client will be $32,287.80 or less in Year 1 of the project.
- Effectiveness Measure 2: Percentage of unduplicated program participants who show improvement in symptoms per fiscal year.
Data Collection: Total number of unduplicated program participants divided by total number of program participants who show improvement in symptoms per fiscal year
Collection Method: Agency Count as reflected in Quarterly Narrative Program Reports
Target: 75% or higher
The applicant's proposed evaluation plan will incorporate the performance measures of efficiency and effectiveness identified above. Applicants can propose additional performance measures for evaluating the project’s progress in achieving results supportive of program goals and outcomes. (The applicant's evaluation plan must include indicators and data-gathering strategies that will be used.)
Grant Reporting
Required reporting will include:
- Cumulative Fiscal Reports recording overall grant and match expenditures by budget line; and
- Quarterly Narrative Program Reports in the format prescribed by the DBH program manager.
- AKAIMS Quarterly Summary Reports along with Quarterly Narrative Program Reports.
1.05Target Population and Service Area
Applicants must clearly describe the population targeted by the project, including the area or communities that will be served. Proposals will be evaluated for compatibility with the program’s intended target population identified in this solicitation.
Target Population: Individuals in their teen years or during early adulthood (15-25 years of age) who have had or are at risk of having their first episode of a psychotic disorder.
Service Areas and Communities: Given the low incidence of youth with early psychosis, the FEP model requires a service area population size of at least 100,000 (see 2021 Population Estimates by borough, Census Area and Economic Region listed at the Department of Labor Workforce Development website). Due to the remoteness of Alaska, a hybrid model for a proposed service area with a population size of less than 100,000 will be considered if the agency can demonstrate combined staffing and coordination to community resources to meet the requirements of the CSC model, and a service area to meet the minimum of 15 applicants by year 2 of the program. Expectations of numbers served once a team is fully functional is 15 to 25 depending on the size of the community.
1.06Program Funding
Funding is $161,439 per fiscal year for FY23 and FY24 is available through the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) Mental Health Block Grant and will fund one new award. Total estimated funding for FY23 and FY24 is $322,878.
Match Requirement: The budget must include matching funds equal to 25.00% of the proposed DHSS funds. Calculate required match with the following formula.
Total Requested Grant Award x Required Match Percentage = Required Match
Federal grant funds may not be used to match federal funds awarded through this grant program, and State grant funds may not be used to match State funds awarded through this grant program.
Eligible sources of matching funds include:
- Local Cash: local sources, including local tax receipts, municipal revenue sharing, cash donations
- Local In-Kind: donated items of value for which the applicant incurs no cost, including volunteer labor and donations of supplies, equipment, space
- Other Sources: government and non-government grant awards, third party receipts, direct receipts such as gaming or sales of goods
- Grant Income: earnings anticipated as a result of this project proposal receiving award, and Medicaid reimbursements if award of this grant is required for the applicant to bill Medicaid for awarded services
- Medicaid: includes Medicaid which is not Grant Income, as well as other third-party receipts)
Proposed Budget: The applicant must submit a budget proposal for the first fiscal year of the project. The proposed budget detail and narrative (including required match) will support the program's results-based service delivery and staffing requirements stated in this RFP.
The proposed budget will be fully compliant with the limitations described in this RFP, and those detailed in 7 AAC 78.160 (Costs). Regulations are provided under the GEMS Documents tab.
Resources specific to budgeting are also available under the GEMS Documents tab. DHSS Grant Budget Preparation Guidelines provide information and guidance about budget lines, cost detail groupings, and narrative requirements. Grantee User Manual Part I provides detailed instructions for entering a budget proposal in the chapter "Responding to a Solicitation."
Other Agency Funding: Prior to submitting a proposal, applicants are required to list all other agency funding received and applied for. This task must be completed by an Agency Power User in the Other Funding section of the Agency Administration tab. This is part of the pre-award risk assessment required under Uniform Guidance 2 CFR 200.
Indirect Costs: If the proposed budget includes indirect costs, 7 AAC 78.160(p) requires a copy of the agency's current federally approved Indirect Cost Rate Agreement. The agreement is to be uploaded in the Agency Administration tab. Lapsed agreements can be used if uploaded with the negotiating federal agency's written approval to continue using the rate until a new agreement is negotiated. If an agency has never entered into a federally approved Indirect Cost Rate Agreement or no longer has a federally approved agreement in place, the recently updated Federal Uniform Guidance 2 CFR 200 now allows that agency to budget the 10% De Minimis.
Payment for Services/Grant Income: If applicable to the services proposed in response to this solicitation, awarded grantees will have a Medicaid Provider Number or apply to obtain one, and will make reasonable effort to bill all eligible services to Medicaid and any other available sources of payment before seeking grant support for delivery of the proposed services. DHSS funds are the payer of last resort.
In the applicant’s proposed budget, anticipated receipts and expenditures for all grant income must be evident in the detail and narrative. Fiscal reports for awarded income generating projects will include the receipts and expenditure of all grant income.
1.07References
Stavely, H., Hughes, F., Pennell, K., McGorry, P.D., & Purcell, R. (2013). EPPIC Model and Service Implementation Guide, Orygen Youth Health Research Center, Melbourne, AU.